Count Leo Nikolaievitch Tolstoy, novelist, was
born on 28 August 1828, at Yasnaya Poliana in the government of Tula. He
studied at Moscow and Kazan, joined the army of the Caucasus, was attached to
the staff of Prince Gortschakoff in Turkey, and was at the storming of
Sebastapol in 1855. He, now retired from the army, and already famous as a poet
and novelist, spent a short time in the most brilliant literary and social
circles of St Petersburg. Having traveled in Germany and Italy, in 1862 he
married, and from that time lived on his estates near Moscow amongst his
peasantry. During his residence in the Caucasus he wrote Childhood, Boyhood,
and Youth; Memoirs of Prince Nekludoff: and The Cossacks. After the Crimean war
he wrote three sketches of Sebastapol; during his foreign sojourn, The Snow
Storm and the Two Hussars; next came Family Happiness, The Three Deaths, and
Polikushka. The first of his two great works, War
and Peace (1865–68), gives a vivid picture of the Napoleonic campaigns
against Russia and the national defense. The other, Anna
Karenina (1875–78), is a melancholy tale of an ill-fated marriage. He
now resolved to devote himself to the problems of life, remedying its grievances,
and becoming the ‘friend of the unfriended poor;’ and all his later books were
written with didactic aim. Ivan Ilyitch, What People Live By, Where Love is
there God is also, Two Pilgrims, The Dominion of Darkness, The Kreutzer Sonata,
The Christianity of Christ, What I Believe and Life