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The ears are the organs of hearing
and equilibrium. The ear is divided into three parts: the external, the middle,
and the inner parts. The external ear is the outer, funnel-like structure
called the auricle or pinna, and the external auditory meatus is called the
external auditory canal. Hearing begins in the external ear, where sound waves
are carried through the auricle and canal. The middle ear consists of the
tympanic cavity, the tympanic membrane, and three small bones called the
ossicles (maleus, incus, and stapes). The tympanic membrane is a thin layer of
skin on its outer surface, and on the inner surface, it is covered with mucous
membrane. Sound is transmitted from the auditory canal through the auditory
meatus. The sound is conducted by the change in pressure on the eardrum and
then the three ossicles vibrate.
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